The essentials for a new user
As a new user, you can get started with Neural without understanding the technical details. Once you have a wallet installed on your computer or mobile device, your first Ethereum address will be generated and you can create more when you need to. You can give your address to your friends to pay you or vice versa. In fact, it's similar to how email works, except that Ethereum addresses should only be used once.
Balances - Blockchain
The blockchain is a shared public ledger on which the entire Ethereum network is based. All confirmed transactions are included in the blockchain. This way Ethereum wallets can calculate their spendable balance and new transactions can be verified, ensuring that the payment is being made to the payer. The integrity and chronological order of the blockchain is enforced with cryptography.
transactions - private keys
A transaction is a transfer of value between Ethereum wallets that will be included in the blockchain. Ethereum wallets have a secret fragment called a private key, used to sign transactions, providing mathematical proof that the transaction is made by the owner of the wallet. The signature also prevents the transaction from being altered by someone once it has been issued. All transactions are broadcast among users and usually begin to be confirmed by the network within 10 minutes through a process called mining.